05 August 2008
Given a binary tree, check whether it is a mirror of itself (ie, symmetric around its center).
For example, this binary tree
is symmetric:1
[1,2,2,3,4,4,3]
1
2
3
4
5
1
/ \
2 2
/ \ / \
3 4 4 3
But the following
is not:1
[1,2,2,null,3,null,3]
1
2
3
4
5
1
/ \
2 2
\ \
3 3
Note:
Bonus points if you could solve it both recursively and iteratively.
判断一个Binary Tree是否是平衡树,两个结点n1和n2,需要判断n1的左子结点和n2的右子结点是否相同,以及n1的右子结点和n2的左子结点是否相同。加分项是用递归和迭代的办法分别做出来。
递归
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/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
* }
*/
class Solution {
public boolean isSymmetric(TreeNode root) {
if (root == null) {
return true;
}
return isSymmetricLeftRight(root.left, root.right);
}
private boolean isSymmetricLeftRight(TreeNode treeLeft, TreeNode treeRight) {
if (treeLeft == null && treeRight == null) {
return true;
} else if (treeLeft == null || treeRight == null) {
return false;
}
if (treeLeft.val != treeRight.val) {
return false;
}
return isSymmetricLeftRight(treeLeft.left, treeRight.right) && isSymmetricLeftRight(treeLeft.right, treeRight.left);
}
}
非递归,同样的思路做迭代,用Queue来做,把左边的结点和右边分别进行比较即可。
队列Queue使用时要尽量避免Collection的add()和remove()方法,而是要使用offer()来加入元素,使用poll()来获取并移出元素。它们的优点是通过返回值可以判断成功与否,add()和remove()方法在失败的时候会抛出异常。 如果要使用前端而不移出该元素,使用element()或者peek()方法。
另外LinkedList类实现了Queue接口,因此我们可以把LinkedList当成Queue来用。
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/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
* }
*/
class Solution {
public boolean isSymmetric(TreeNode root) {
if (root == null) {
return true;
}
//这里用一个Queue也是可以的,每次while循环依次取出和加入就可以了,为了方便阅读用了两个Queue
Queue<TreeNode> q1 = new LinkedList<>();
Queue<TreeNode> q2 = new LinkedList<>();
q1.offer(root.left);
q2.offer(root.right);
while (!q1.isEmpty() && !q2.isEmpty()) {
TreeNode left = q1.poll();
TreeNode right = q2.poll();
if (left == null && right == null) {
continue;
}
if (left == null || right == null || left.val != right.val) {
return false;
}
q1.offer(left.left);
q1.offer(left.right);
q2.offer(right.right);
q2.offer(right.left);
}
return true;
}
}