GuilinDev

Lc0148

05 August 2008

148 - Sort List

原题概述

Sort a linked list in O(n log n) time using constant space complexity.

Example 1:

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Input: 4->2->1->3
Output: 1->2->3->4

Example 2:

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Input: -1->5->3->4->0
Output: -1->0->3->4->5

题意和分析

O(n log n) 的复杂度对链表中的元素进行排序。既然是_O_(n log n)复杂度的排序,那自然就是想到快排(复杂度平均)或者归并排序,这里用归并排序比较合适。根据Merge Sort的基本思想,就是找到中间结点,然后对左右两半部分分别进行归并排序,最后对排好序的两部分链表进行merge。通常Merge Sort是针对数组来看的,这里是链表,找到中间结点的办法是快慢指针;然后是合并两个有序链表,迭代或递归。最后返回。

代码

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/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * public class ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode next;
 *     ListNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public ListNode sortList(ListNode head) {
        if (head == null || head.next == null) {//递归的出口,只有/只剩一个结点的时候就不再递归
            return head;
        }
        ListNode middle = getMiddleOfList(head);
        ListNode next = middle.next;
        middle.next = null;//把链表断开分为左边(包括middle结点)和右边
        return mergeTwoList(sortList(head), sortList(next));
    }

    //快慢指针找到中间结点
    private ListNode getMiddleOfList(ListNode head) {
        ListNode slow = head;
        ListNode fast = head;
        while (fast.next != null && fast.next.next != null) {
            slow = slow.next;
            fast = fast.next.next;
        }
        return slow;
    }

    //合并两个有序链表
    private ListNode mergeTwoList(ListNode l1, ListNode l2) {
        ListNode dummy = new ListNode(-1), current = dummy;
        while (l1 != null && l2 != null) {
            if (l1.val <= l2.val) {
                current.next = l1;
                l1 = l1.next;
            } else {
                current.next = l2;
                l2 = l2.next;
            }
            current = current.next;
        }
        current.next = l1 == null ? l2 : l1;

        return dummy.next;
    }
}